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RADNAV-BNC-THEORY-MODULE3
1.
The pencil shaped beam of an airborne weather radar is used in preference to the mapping mode for the determination of ground features:
a) when approaching coast-lines in polar regions
b) beyond 50 to 60 NM because more power can be concentrated in the narrower beam
c) beyond 100 NM because insufficient antenna tilt angle is available with the mapping mode
d) beyond 150 NM because the wider beam gives better definition
2.
Complete the following statement. Aircraft Surface movement Radar operates on frequencies in the (i) .......... band employing an antenna that rotates at approximately (ii) .......... revolutions per minute; it is (iii) ......... possible to determine the type of aircraft from the return on the radar screen.
a) (i) EHF (ii) 30 (iii) never
b) (i) EHF (ii) 100 (iii) never
c) (i) SHF (ii) 60 (iii) sometimes
d) (i) SHF (ii) 10 (iii) always
3.
Which of the following statements concerning LORAN-C is correct?
a) It is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on the principle of differential range by pulse technique
b) It is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on the principle of range measurement by phase comparison
c) It is a navigation system based on simultaneous ranges being received from a minimum of four ground stations
d) It is a navigation system based on secondary radar principles; position lines are obtained in sequence from up to eight ground stations
4.
Which of the following is a complete list of airborne weather radar antenna stabilisation axes?
a) roll and yaw
b) roll, pitch and yaw
c) pitch and yaw
d) roll and pitch
5.
Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) Glide Paths provide azimuth coverage (i) ….. ° each side of the localiser centre-line to a distance of (ii) …. NM minimum from the threshold.
a) (i) 8 (ii) 10
b) (i) 35 (ii) 25
c) (i) 25 (ii) 17
d) (i) 5 (ii) 8
6.
In which mode of operation does the aircraft weather radar use a cosecant radiation pattern.
a) CONTOUR
b) MAPPING
c) MANUAL
d) WEATHER
7.
The azimuth transmitter of a Microwave Landing System (MLS) provides a fan-shaped horizontal approach zone which is usually:
a) + or - 40° of the runway centre-line
b) + or - 50° of the runway centre-line
c) + or - 30° of the runway centre-line
d) + or - 60° of the runway centre-line
8.
In an Airborne Weather Radar the areas of greatest turbulence are usually indicated on the screen by:
a) blank areas where there is no colour
b) colour zones of green and yellow
c) areas which are coloured black
d) colour zones of red and magenta
9.
In order to obtain an ADF bearing on a system using sense and loop aerials, the:
a) mode selector should be switched to 'loop'
b) sense aerial must be tuned separately
c) BFO switch must be selected to 'ON'
d) signal must be received by both the sense and loop aerials
10.
The minimum range of a primary radar, using the pulse technique, is determined by the (i)........ ; the maximum unambiguous range by the (ii).........
a) (i) pulse length (ii) pulse recurrence frequency
b) (i) transmission frequency (ii) pulse recurrence frequency
c) (i) transmission frequency (ii) transmitter power output
d) (i) pulse length (ii) length of the timebase
11.
The maximum range of primary radar depends on:
a) frequency
b) pulse recurrence frequency
c) wave length
d) pulse length
12.
Due to 'Doppler' effect an apparent decrease in the transmitted frequency, which is proportional to the transmitter's velocity, will occur when:
a) there is no relative movement between the transmitter and the receiver
b) the transmitter moves toward the receiver
c) the transmitter and receiver move towards each other
d) the transmitter moves away from the receiver
13.
Of what use, if any, is a military TACAN station to civil aviation ?
a) It can provide a DME distance and magnetic bearing
b) It can provide DME distance
c) It can provide a magnetic bearing
d) It is of no use to civil aviation
14.
Which of the following frequency-bands is used by the Loran C navigation system?
a) 90 - 110 kHz
b) 978 - 1213 MHz
c) 1750 - 1950 kHz
d) 10.2 - 13.6 kHz
15.
Where, in relation to the runway, is the ILS localiser transmitting aerial normally situated?
a) On the non-approach end of the runway about 300 m from the runway on the extended centreline
b) At the non-approach end about 150 m to one side of the runway and 300 m along the extended centreline
c) At the approach end of the runway about 300 m from touchdown on the centreline
d) At the approach end about 150 m to one side of the runway and 300 m from touchdown
16.
ICAO specifications are that range errors indicated by Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) should not exceed:
a) + or - 0.25 NM plus 1.25% of the distance measured
b) + or - 0.25 NM plus 3% of the distance measured up to a maximum of 5 NM
c) + or - 0.5 NM or 3% of the distance measured whichever is the greater
d) + or - 1.25 NM plus 0.25% of the distance measured
17.
What is the minimum number of satellites required for the NAVSTAR/GPS to carry out two dimensional operation?
a) 4
b) 5
c) 2
d) 3
18.
Which of the following correctly gives the principle of operation of the Loran C navigation system?
a) Frequency shift between synchronised transmissions
b) Phase comparison between synchronised transmissions
c) Differential range by phase comparison
d) Differential range by pulse technique
19.
The main factor which determines the minimum range that can be measured by a pulsed radar is pulse:
a) length
b) amplitude
c) repetition rate
d) frequency
20.
Which of the following gives the best information about the progress of a flight between 2 en-route waypoints from a RNAV equipment?
a) ATA
b) Elapsed time on route.
c) ETD
d) ETO
21.
The frequency range of a VOR receiver is:
a) 118 to 135.95 MHz
b) 108 to 135.95 MHz
c) 108 to 111.95 MHz
d) 108 to 117.95 MHz
22.
Which of the following combinations is likely to result in the most accurate Area Navigation (RNAV) fixes?
a) VOR/DME
b) VOR/VOR
c) DME/DME
d) NDB/VOR
23.
Factors liable to affect most NDB/ADF system performance and reliability include:
a) coastal refraction - lane slip - mountain effect
b) static interference - station interference - latitude error
c) static interference - night effect - absence of failure warning system
d) height error - station interference - mountain effect
24.
Which of the following lists are all errors that affect the accuracy and reliability of the Satellite-Assisted Navigation system (GNSS/GPS)?
a) Satellite clock; satellite ephemeris; atmospheric propagation
b) Satellite mutual interference; frequency drift; satellite to ground time lag
c) Satellite to ground time lag; atmospheric propagation; satellite clock
d) Satellite mutual interference; satellite ephemeris; atmospheric propagation
25.
GPS satellites transmit on two L-band frequencies with different types of signals. Which of these are generally available for use by civil aviation?
a) L1-coarse acquisition (C/A) with selected availability (S/A)
b) L2-coarse acquisition (C/A)
c) L1-precise (P)
d) L2-for communications purpose
26.
There are two NDBs, one 20 NM inland, and the other 50 NM inland from the coast. Assuming that the error caused by coastal refraction is the same for both propagations, the extent of the error in a position line plotted by an aircraft that is over water will be:
a) the same from both beacons when the aircraft is on a relative bearing of 180° and 360°
b) greater from the beacon that is 20 NM inland
c) greater from the beacon that is 50 NM inland
d) the same from both beacons when the aircraft is on a relative bearing of 090° and 270°
27.
Which of the following is the ICAO allocated frequency band for ADF receivers?
a) 190 - 1750 kHz
b) 255 - 455 kHz
c) 200 - 2000 kHz
d) 300 - 3000 kHz
28.
A frequency of airborne weather radar is:
a) 93.75 MHz
b) 9375 kHz
c) 9375 MHz
d) 9375 GHz
29.
Which of the following statements concerning the variable, or directional, signal of a conventional VOR is correct?
a) The rotation of the variable signal at a rate of 30 times per second gives it the characteristics of a 30 Hz amplitude modulation
b) The transmitter changes the frequency of the variable signal by 30 Hz either side of the allocated frequency each time it rotates
c) The receiver adds 30 Hz to the variable signal before combining it with the reference signal
d) The transmitter varies the amplitude of the variable signal by 30 Hz each time it rotates
30.
What are the modulation frequencies of the two overlapping lobes that are used on an ILS approach?
a) 328mHZ 335 mHZ
b) 90 HZ 150 HZ
c) 75kHZ 135 kHZ
d) 63 mHZ 123 mHZ
31.
Signal reception is required from a minimum number of satellites that have adequate elevation and suitable geometry in order for a Satellite-Assisted Navigation System (GNSS/GPS) to carry out independent three dimensional operation, Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and to isolate any faulty satellite and remove it from contributing to the navigation solution. The number of satellites is:
a) 4
b) 7
c) 5
d) 6
32.
In an Airborne Weather Radar that has a colour cathode ray tube (CRT) increasing severity of rain and turbulence is generally shown by a change of colour from:
a) green to red to black
b) yellow to amber to blue
c) yellow to orange to red
d) green to yellow to red
33.
In which frequency band do Satellite-Assisted Navigation systems (GNSS/GPS) provide position information that is available to civil aircraft?
a) UHF
b) VHF
c) SHF
d) EHF
34.
The Doppler Navigation System is based on:
a) Doppler VOR (DVOR) Navigation System
b) radar principles using frequency shift
c) phase comparison from ground station transmissions
d) radio waves refraction in the ionosphere
35.
If an aircraft flies along a VOR radial it will follow a:
a) line of constant bearing
b) rhumbline track
c) constant magnetic track
d) great circle track
36.
In a Satellite-Assisted Navigation system (GNSS/GPS) a position line is obtained by:
a) timing the period that is taken for a satellite's transmission to reach the aircraft's receiver
b) the aircraft's receiver measuring the phase angle of the signal received from a satellite in a known position
c) timing the period that is taken for a transmission from the aircraft's transmitter/receiver to reach and return from a satellite in a known position
d) the aircraft's receiver measuring the time difference between signals received from a minimum number of satellites
37.
A frequency of 10 GHz is considered to be the optimum for use in an airborne weather radar system because:
a) the larger water droplets will give good echoes
b) enables the aircraft to detect clear air turbulence
c) static interference is minimised
d) greater detail can be obtained at the more distant ranges of the smaller water droplets
38.
In a Satellite-Assisted Navigation System (GNSS/GPS), a fix is obtained by:
a) measuring the time taken for an aircraft's transmissions to travel to a number of satellites, in known positions, and return to the aircraft's receiver
b) measuring the time taken for a minimum number of satellites' transmissions, in known positions, to reach the aircraft's receiver
c) the aircraft's receiver measuring the phase angle of signals received from a number of satellites in known positions
d) measuring the pulse lengths of signals received from a minimum number of satellites received in a specific sequential order
39.
Which one of the following is an advantage of a Microwave Landing System (MLS) compared with an Instrument Landing System (ILS)?
a) There is no restriction on the number of ground installations that can be operated because there is an unlimited number of frequency channels available
b) It is insensitive to geographical site and can be installed at sites where it is not possible to use an ILS
c) It does not require a separate azimuth (localiser) and elevation (azimuth) transmitter
d) The installation does not require to have a separate method (marker beacons or DME) to determine range
40.
Which of the following is an ILS localiser frequency?
a) 108.25 MHz
b) 110.20 MHz
c) 109.15 MHz
d) 112.10 MHz
41.
Every 10 kt decrease in groundspeed, on a 3° ILS glidepath, will require an approximate:
a) increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN
b) increase in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN
c) decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 50 FT/MIN
d) decrease in the aircraft's rate of descent of 100 FT/MIN
42.
Which of the following coordinate systems is used by the NAVSTAR/GPS receiver to calculate position (latitude, longitude and altitude)?
a) ED 87
b) ED 50
c) WGS 84
d) PZ 90
43.
Which combination of characteristics gives best screen picture in a primary search radar?
a) long pulse length and narrow beam
b) short pulse length and wide beam
c) long pulse length and wide beam
d) short pulse length and narrow beam
44.
When an aircraft is operating its Secondary Surveillance Radar in Mode C an air traffic controller's presentation gives information regarding the aircraft's indicated flight level in increments of:
a) 100 FT
b) 150 FT
c) 200 FT
d) 250 FT
45.
MLS installations notified for operation, unless otherwise stated, provide azimuth coverage of:
a) + or - 20° about the nominal courseline out to a range of 10 NM
b) + or - 40° about the nominal courseline out to a range of 20 NM
c) + or - 20° about the nominal courseline out to a range of 20 NM
d) + or - 40° about the nominal courseline out to a range of 30 NM
46.
The frequency of an SSR ground transmission is:
a) 1090 +/- 0.3 MHz
b) 1030 +/- 0.2 MHz
c) 1050 +/- 0.5 MHz
d) 1120 +/- 0.6 MHz
47.
Which one of the following disturbances is most likely to cause the greatest inaccuracy in ADF bearings?
a) Local thunderstorm activity
b) Coastal effect
c) Quadrantal error
d) Precipitation interference
48.
The principle of operation of an ILS localiser transmitter is based on two overlapping lobes that are transmitted on (i).......... frequencies and carry different (ii)..........
a) (i) different (ii) modulation frequencies
b) (i) the same (ii) phases
c) (i) different (ii) phases
d) (i) the same (ii) modulation frequencies
49.
Signal reception is required from a minimum number of satellites that have adequate elevation and suitable geometry in order for a Satellite-Assisted Navigation System (GPS) to carry out independent three dimensional operation without the Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) function. The number of satellites is:
a) 6
b) 4
c) 3
d) 5
50.
The two main design functions of Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) Mode S are:
a) continuous automatic position reporting using Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and collision avoidance using TCAS II
b) the elimination of ground to air communications and the introduction of automatic separation between aircraft using TCAS II
c) collision avoidance using TCAS II and improved long range (HF) communication capability.
d) air to ground and ground to air data link communications and improved ATC aircraft surveillance capability
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